Whale optimization algorithm based MPPT control of a fuel cell system

Abstract

Renewable energy sources have provided a great contribution to global energy demand; However, their intermittent characteristics can cause sustainability and efficiency problems. To handle these, alternative systems are utilized. Among these, proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) stand out with their longer lifecycle, efficient, and costeffective features. However, their performance depends on operating conditions such as temperature, gas pressure, and membrane water content. These nonlinear features require instant and proper control for maximizing efficiency and longer working life. In this study, a whale optimization algorithm (WOA) based maximum power point tracking (MPPT) controller is utilized for a PEMFC system. To validate the proposed controller, the PEMFC system has been analyzed under changing conditions in the MATLAB/Simulink environment. The proposed method has been compared with the other MPPT methods. The results indicate that the proposed controller can provide accurate and fast MPPT performance, less power fluctuations, and higher production efficiency.& COPY; 2023 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.