PrimePatNet87: Prime pattern and tunable q-factor wavelet transform techniques for automated accurate EEG emotion recognition

Abstract

Nowadays, many deep models have been presented to recognize emotions using electroencephalogram (EEG) signals. These deep models are computationally intensive, it takes a longer time to train the model. Also, it is difficult to achieve high classification performance using for emotion classification using machine learning techniques. To overcome these limitations, we present a hand-crafted conventional EEG emotion classification network. In this work, we have used novel prime pattern and tunable q-factor wavelet transform (TQWT) techniques to develop an automated model to classify human emotions. Our proposed cognitive model comprises feature extraction, feature selection, and classification steps. We have used TQWT on the EEG signals to obtain the sub-bands. The prime pattern and statistical feature generator are employed on the generated sub-bands and original signal to generate 798 features. 399 (half of them) out of 798 features are selected using minimum redundancy maximum relevance (mRMR) selector, and misclassification rates of each signal are evaluated using support vector machine (SVM) classifier. The proposed network generated 87 feature vectors hence, this model is named PrimePatNet87. In the last step of the feature generation, the best 20 feature vectors which are selected based on the calculated misclassification rates, are concatenated. The generated feature vector is subjected to the feature selection and the most significant 1000 features are selected using the mRMR selector. These selected features are then classified using an SVM classifier. In the last phase, iterative majority voting has been used to generate a general result. We have used three publicly available datasets, namely DEAP, DREAMER, and GAMEEMO, to develop our proposed model. Our presented PrimePatNet87 model reached over 99% classification accuracy on whole datasets with leave one subject out (LOSO) validation. Our results demonstrate that the developed prime pattern network is accurate and ready for real-world applications.