Investigating radon and TEC anomalies relative to earthquakes via AI models

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dc.contributor.authorMuhammad, Ahmad
dc.contributor.authorKülahci, Fatih
dc.contributor.authorBirel, Sezgin
dc.date.accessioned2026-08-12T17:38:00Z
dc.date.issued2023
dc.departmentFırat Üniversitesi
dc.description.abstractSimultaneously studying earthquakes, Radon gas (Rn), and the Ionospheric total electron content (TEC) provides insight into the Lithosphere-Atmosphere-Ionosphere coupling (LAIC) phenomenon. The potential responses of Rn and TEC to earthquakes along the North Anatolian Fault (NAF) from 2007 to 2009 were examined using statistical and machine/deep learning methods, such as ARIMA, LSTMs, ANNs, SVMs, and STUMPY. The study was divided into four regions and the best performing models were used for anomaly detection. Results showed that the correlation between Radon-TEC changes and earthquakes does not always occur, but Rn anomalies are followed by TEC anomalies relative to earthquakes. Additionally, Rn variations were found to be more sensitive to seismic activity than TEC variations.
dc.description.sponsorshipBog?azi?i University Kandilli Observatory [FUEBAP-1812]; University Scientific Research Unit [FUEBAP-1812]
dc.description.sponsorshipWe would like to thank IONOLAB research group for atmospheric TEC data (IONOSPHERIC Research Laboratory,http://www.ionolab. org/index.php?page=index & language=en), AFAD for Rn data (AFAD, Ministry of Interior Disaster and Emergency Management Presidency, https://en.afad.gov.tr/) and Bog?azici University Kandilli Observatory and Earthquake Research Institute Regional Earthquake-Tsunami Monitoring Center (http://www.koeri.boun.edu.tr/sismo/2/en/) for earthquake data. We would also like to thank NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology (https://www.jpl.nasa. gov/about/) for their guidance in receiving TEC data and for Solar and Geomagnetic Data (https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/form/dx1.htm l). Super-speed multi-core and multi-processor computers used to obtain simulations in this research were purchased with the support of Firat University Scientific Research Unit (Grant No: FUEBAP-1812) (http://bap.firat.edu.tr/?& lang=en). This study constitutes a part of Dr. Ahmad Muhammad's PhD Thesis at Firat University, Tuerkiye. Finally, one of the authors, Prof. Fatih Kuelahci, dedicates this article to the cherished memory of his first teachers.
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.jastp.2023.106037
dc.identifier.issn1364-6826
dc.identifier.issn1879-1824
dc.identifier.orcid0000-0003-3886-7956
dc.identifier.orcid0000-0001-6566-4308
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-85149262818
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ2
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.jastp.2023.106037
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/11508/58270
dc.identifier.volume245
dc.identifier.wosWOS:000956342500001
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ2
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Science
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopus
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherPergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd
dc.relation.ispartofJournal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanı
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess
dc.snmzKA_WoS_20260511
dc.subjectAtmospheric and ionospheric disturbances
dc.subjectTEC response to solar and geomagnetic activity
dc.subjectchanges
dc.subjectImplications for earthquake forecasting
dc.subjectPreseismic ionospheric anomalies
dc.titleInvestigating radon and TEC anomalies relative to earthquakes via AI models
dc.typeArticle

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