Fake news detection within online social media using supervised artificial intelligence algorithms

Abstract

Along with the development of the Internet, the emergence and widespread adoption of the social media concept have changed the way news is formed and published. News has become faster, less costly and easily accessible with social media. This change has come along with some disadvantages as well. In particular, beguiling content, such as fake news made by social media users, is becoming increasingly dangerous. The fake news problem, despite being introduced for the first time very recently, has become an important research topic due to the high content of social media. Writing fake comments and news on social media is easy for users. The main challenge is to determine the difference between real and fake news. In this paper, a two-step method for identifying fake news on social media has been proposed, focusing on fake news. In the first step of the method, a number of pre-processing is applied to the data set to convert un-structured data sets into the structured data set. The texts in the data set containing the news are represented by vectors using the obtained TF weighting method and Document-Term Matrix. In the second step, twenty-three supervised artificial intelligence algorithms have been implemented in the data set transformed into the structured format with the text mining methods. In this work, an experimental evaluation of the twenty-three intelligent classification methods has been performed within existing public data sets and these classification models have been compared depending on four evaluation metrics. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.