Lump-Type and Bell-Shaped Soliton Solutions of the Time-Dependent Coefficient Kadomtsev-Petviashvili Equation

Abstract

In this article, the lump-type solutions of the new integrable time-dependent coefficient (2+1)-dimensional Kadomtsev-Petviashvili equation are investigated by applying the Hirota bilinear technique and a suitable ansatz. The equation is applied in the modeling of propagation of small-amplitude surface waves in large channels or straits of slowly varying width, depth and non-vanishing vorticity. Applying the Bell's polynomials approach, we successfully acquire the bilinear form of the equation. We firstly find a general form of quadratic function solution of the bilinear form and then expand it as the sums of squares of linear functions satisfying some conditions. Most importantly, we acquire two lump-type and a bell-shaped soliton solutions of the equation. To our knowledge, the lump type solutions of the equation are reported for the first time in this paper. The physical interpretation of the results are discussed and represented graphically.