Spermatozoon DNA'sı hasarı (DNA Damage of Sperm)

Abstract

Sperm DNA damages have occured in the sperm DNA at different levels due to various in vivo and in vitro reasons. The damage of sperm DNA has been observed in human and many species of animals such as mice, horse, porcine and fish. These damages occured in sperm DNA are some structural damages such as degradation of chromatin structure, oxidation of DNA bases, false conjugation, obstruction of tubulin polimerisation, changing of bases chemically, abnormalities in the chromatin structure, cracking of DNA chain, crossing of DNA-DNA and DNA-protein, mutations in DNA. Simple cell gel electroforesis, tunel, the measurement of structure of sperm chromatin and 8-hydroxy 2-deoxyguanosine are used to determine these damages occured in sperm DNA. The damage in sperm DNA causes occuring of abnormal embriyonic development and infertility. Different in vivo and in vitro methods to prevent these damages were established. In this review the data regarding the structure of sperm DNA, biological situations leading to damage of sperm DNA, determination methods of certain abnormalities and different preventive methods are discussed.