A comparative study of the effects of chronic kidney disease on sonographic arterial stiffness parameters in geriatric and normal population

Abstract

Aim: Due to its growing incidence rate worldwide, chronic kidney disease is a crucial public health problem which is strongly associated with cardiovascular disease. Cardiovascular disease in chronic kidney disease patients is characterized by arteriosclerosis and increased arterial stiffness, and is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality. A correlation was reported between an increased arterial stiffness and cardiovascular disease in high risk groups such as chronic kidney disease or hypertension as well as general undiagnosed population. Our aim was to show the changes in arterial stiffness parameters in patients with chronic kidney disease in the geriatric population. Material and Method: 44 chronic kidney disease patients and 44 control group cases of the same age were included in the study. There were 20 female and 24 male cases in each group. Systolic and diastolic diameter were measured for all cases. Intima-media thickness was measured in carotid and femoral arteries. Arterial stiffness parameters were calculated using formulas. Systolic and diastolic arterial blood pressure and body mass index were measured. Their urea and creatinine values were recorded. Results: There were no differences between two groups in terms of age and sex (p=0.069). Body mass index in the patient group was significantly lower compared to the control group (p=0.025). Systolic arterial blood pressure was higher in the patient group (p<0.001). Arterial stiffness parameters in both arterial systems, particularly in femoral artery, were significantly (p<0.05) worse in the patient group compared to the control group. Conclusion: Intima-media thickness was measured higher, which overlaps with the existing literature. Femoral parameters were more effective in the prediction of atherosclerosis. Chronic kidney disease affects cardiovascular system negatively, and increases atherosclerosis significantly compared to the normal population.